Formative Feedback

[Researcher]

Formative feedback is information given to a learner during the learning activity to help them
improve by modifying their thinking or behavior. Feedback is best delivered using a variety of
channels: learner-instructor, learner-peer, and learner-self. Effective formative feedback:

• Clarifies good performance and behaviors through goals and criteria
• Facilitates self-assessment and reflection
• Delivers high quality information about learning
• Encourages instructor-peer dialogue
• Encourages positive motivational beliefs and self-esteem
• Gives opportunities to close performance gap
• Provides information to instructors to shape their teaching

Learn more about the research on Formative Feedback below!

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